Although women are still underrepresented in the best paying careers, the proverbial glass ceiling is far more fragile than it was a few decades ago. Women were once relegated to low-paying jobs that supported their husband’s income, but rarely surpassed it. Various factors such as child-rearing, chauvinism, gender bias, and a lack of access to advanced educational opportunities kept women out of the professional workforce. These issues have fallen by the wayside over the decades as more women have found their way into once male-dominated fields and have slowly changed how women are viewed in the workforce. Higher paying jobs for women have also become a reality with employers becoming more cognizant of the contributions women are bringing to the employment table.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, females’ earnings were 62 percent that of males’ in 1979. The gap narrowed steadily through the ’80s and ’90s, and the female-to-male earnings ratio now averages around 80 to 83 percent.

Researchers at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business have a couple of theories to explain the earnings gender gap.

The first has to do with college majors. Many female students opt for studies like literature or art history. Careers in those disciplines may be highly rewarding, but they have lower earnings on average. Female students who hope to increase their earning power should focus on what are known as STEM majors — science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

Another reason for the pay discrepancy is that females are more willing to earn less in exchange for workplace flexibility. This is probably because they are starting families.

Some of the highest-paying jobs for women are ones that have been historically dominated by women, while others are the result of a changing of the guard. The more attitudes towards women working in high-stress and demanding jobs such as medicine and upper management change, the more higher-paying jobs for women become available. The following is a look at some of the high paying jobs for women and what makes them a great option for women who want what men have:

1. Veterinarians

The field of veterinary science was once a field dominated by men, but has been attracting more women due to various factors. Women frequently cite the love of animals, the lack of gender discrimination in school admissions, a love of animals, and the ability to study animal science and medicine as their reasons for entering veterinary medicine.

Another factor that draws women to veterinary school is the fact that they can work as small animal veterinarians and not have to deal with large animals. Those who decide to work with large animals have access to the latest in chemical and mechanical restraints that allow them to safely work on and around large animals with minimal concern of being injured as they assess the status of the animal.

In terms of pay, the role of veterinarian is one of the highest-paying jobs for women. The role of veterinarian is a highly skilled one and veterinarians can earn even more if they decide to become a specialist in a specific area of veterinary medicine.

Average salary: $103,220.00

Percentage of women in the field: 76.39%

2. Physicians and Surgeons

The medical field has been steadily attracting more women to the profession as the anticipated shortage of doctors starts to become a reality. Medical schools are expanding their class sizes and opening up new schools to accommodate the demand for physicians. In the past, women have felt intimidated and discriminated against by male authority figures in the medical field. This has kept women from applying for medical school, but now attitudes towards women in medicine are changing as more physicians retire and the number of qualified medical professionals is shrinking.

In 2019, women made up the majority of U.S. medical students for the first time ever with 50.5% of the medical student population. A large number of women work as doctors and surgeons, and are slowly changing the face of a once-male-dominated field. The average salary for a female physician is on the low end, but many go on to make much higher salaries over the course of their career. As more women enter the medical field to work as physicians and surgeons, the better the outlook gets for them in terms of earnings potential, job satisfaction, and career growth.

Average salary: $97,656.00

Percentage of women in the field: 40.72%

3. Pharmacists

Women are attracted to the pharmacy field due to the perception that it’s a family-friendly field and the idea that women are natural communicators and empathetic to those in need. It’s also a field that provides one of the highest-paying jobs for women who want to work in one of the STEM fields, raise a family, enjoy their career, and provide care to people in need. Working hours in the retail sector tend to be favorable towards work-life balance, and many female pharmacists can return to work part-time once their children are old enough for daycare. The shift over time from independent pharmacists to pharmacists working for employers helped attract more women to the career.

Average salary: $97,604.00

Percentage of women in the field: 60.78%

4. Physician Assistants

Physicians assistants work under the supervision of physicians and perform many of the same duties as a doctor or surgeon. This is one of the highest-paying jobs for women due to the fact that the physician assistant is essentially a physician without the M.D. Women find their way into the role through nursing, or enter college with the intention of becoming a physician assistant. Research has found that women enter the field because it enables them to gain medical knowledge and the ability to practice medicine without the high cost and pressures of medical school.

Female physician assistants tend to find their way into pediatrics and women’s health, but more are making their way into other areas of medicine. A physician assistant can work in many of the same fields of medicine as a doctor. Another attractive aspect is the fact that some states allow physician assistants to work with greater autonomy in the form of mostly independent practice.

Average salary: $91,676.00

Percentage of women in the field: 70.64%

5. Nurse Practitioners

Nurse practitioners perform many of the duties as a physician, but work under the supervision of a doctor. It’s a field dominated by women due to the fact that men have historically been dissuaded from becoming nurses. It’s also an excellent educational and career track as many nurse practitioners started out as a registered nurse, then returned to school to earn advanced degrees over the course of their career. The role is attractive to women who are also mothers and want to earn a good salary, help people with their medical needs, and have flexible hours to spend more time with family. It’s one of the higher-paying jobs for women with the potential for large salary increases as the demand for medical professionals grows.

Average salary: $91,156.00

Percentage of women in the field: 87.17%

6. Human Resources Managers

Human resources has long been a female-dominated field due to the perception that it’s a role that is more suitable for women than men. The stereotype that women are better at making judgments with regards to personality traits and matching them with employment roles is another factor. Women have higher levels of emotional intelligence than men do, and this trait is useful when it comes to conflict resolution, managing people, and negotiation.

There’s no denying that these are stereotypes, but they do have a basis in reality, and women have an edge over men when it comes to being effective human resource managers. Ultimately, this is one of the higher-paying jobs for women, and it’s also where conforming to stereotypes can pay off.

Average salary: $79,976.00 

Percentage of women in the field: 76.92%

7. Management Analysts

A management analyst is a type of consultant that looks at the current operating structure of an organization and finds ways to improve it. That includes reviewing and analyzing reports, procedures, manuals, system designs, and any other type of material that instructs employees how to perform their duties. Women are reaching employment parity in this field due to more women attending school for their bachelor’s degree in business and earning their masters of business administration degree.

The role of management analyst is attractive to women as it’s one of the high-paying jobs for women that offer a reasonable work-life balance. It’s also a role that takes advantage of the ability to think critically and combine logical thinking with emotional intelligence to find solutions to problems.

Average salary: $78,884.00 

Percentage of women in the field: 43.79%

8. Psychologists

The field of psychology attracts more women than men for various reasons. They include the fact that women are physically more empathetic than men, are more able to turn thoughts into words, and the ability to observe non-verbal gestures that act as a type of language. These reasons and others have factual basis and are not based on stereotypes. The female brain possesses more of the physical characteristics that drive the observational and empathetic functions of the mind than men do. This makes women naturally predisposed to work as psychologists and provide support to those who are in need of mental health treatment.

Women are drawn to the field of psychology because it’s one of the highest-paying jobs for women, but it’s also an opportunity to work as a healer of the mind. Psychology is also a field that has multiple concentrations, and gives women the option to focus in an area of psychology that suits them best in terms of aptitude and interest.

Average salary: $74,932.00 

Percentage of women in the field: 81.58%

9. Occupational Therapists

Occupational therapy is a type of therapy that was created after WWI to help soldiers regain the function of their limbs in order to perform daily tasks. Women originally made up the entire field and have yet to yield their dominance in the occupational therapy field. No one reason has been found for this, but it’s an excellent career for women who want to work in one of the highest-paying jobs for women and enjoy the satisfaction that comes with helping people become self-sufficient with their daily tasks.

While it’s unknown why women dominate the field of occupational therapy, it is a great career and one of the higher-paying jobs for women. Occupational therapy is gentle for both practitioner and patient, and highly effective, which delivers high job satisfaction for those who pursue it as a career.

Average salary: $74,932.00

Percentage of women in the field: 85.87%

10. Public Relations and Fundraising Managers

Women started entering the field of public relations and fundraising during WWII when women stepped in to fill the roles left empty by men going to war. Since then, the field has been dominated by women at the lower levels, but the executive levels have been dominated by men. However, women are pushing their way up the ladder and gaining access to executive titles with higher pay.

The field of public relations and fundraising has been dominated by women due to the perception that women are good at finding solutions to complex problems, have a talent for building reputations with solid foundations for clients, and are skilled crisis managers. When it comes to higher-paying jobs for women, the public relations and fundraising field provides an excellent average salary that increases with time and experience.

Average salary: $72,748.00

Percentage of women in the field: 69.44%